General programming and logic :: Programming language types

[Chinmoy]

Types of Programming

1. Logic Programming ::
Logical Programming languages work on simple facts and relations from which a lgical solution and conclusion can be drawn.
Eg :: Oz, Gödel

2. Functional Programming ::
Functional programming languages are more closely related to the mathematical concept of `function'. In particular, functional programs do not use the concept of variables in the traditional sense, instead functions are predefined for reuse from a huge library. The codes are really small but to master tehse laguages we need to remember a large number of functions.
Eg: Haskell, pragma


3. Imperative Programming ::
Also known as procedural programming, imperative programming is associated with the concept of analysis and step by step solution. Imperative programming is distinguished from functional programming in that the former is strongly tied to the concept of variables and memory locations. A variable is associated with a memory location and the contents of that memory location may be changed, via the variable, over the course of time.
Eg: C,Fortran


4. Concurrent Programming:
Concurrent programming is characterized by programming with more than one process. The main advantage of concurrent programming is that operations can run parallel in it, thus they are much faster than sequential operations. Basically, concurrent programming uses processes and communication to design elegant, responsive and reliable systems. This is very important for compiler development. The behaviour of concurrency can be implemented in C++, Java.


5. Object-Oriented Programming:
Object oriented programming is the method of implementing programs which are organized as cooperative collections of objects, and each of which represents an instance of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via inheritance relationships. In these types of programs, classes are generally viewed as static, whereas objects typically have a much more dynamic nature, which is encouraged by the existence of polymorphism. Other notable features are data abstraction and encapsulation.
These features allow multiple behaviour of the same functions depending on the user input behaviour, data definition without direct purpose and data protection against unnecessary modifications.
Eg:C++, Java

[Xav]

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