Project 1 - Game Network 1.0

[Lance]

We would be happy to of any help in your journey on OOP in C++.

I guess it's a continous loop like

    read -> think -> write +
      ^                    |
      |                    |
      +--------------------+

Read good books/articles/forum discussions/actual code
Think if it's really like what people claims. Could it be done better in a different way? etc
Write, well you can write you game; apply the theory you learn on your actual work. Do not hesitate to reinvent wheels when learning a lauguage.

But it could be too dull for a boy at your age. The most important thing should be to have fun. Good luck, Donovan.

[WingedPanther]

I agree that learning OOP in command-line first is probably the best way to go. It will help make GUI stuff make a LOT more sense, since GUI toolkits tend to be very heavily OOP, and not understanding the basics can make the journey much harder.

[Donovan]

Alright, Thanks for the information

[Feral]

Since i'm cheap and I actually like the books check out Thinking in C++ volumes 1 and 2 by Bruce Eckel's.

He has made them freely available for download off of his site (the link).

If you do want to carry on with game programming you would want to start with the game loop and then a user input system. networking would be one of the last things to actually consider learning for game programming. Basically because its like learning an entire system all by itself. Creating a network connection is pretty easy but optimizing your code and minimizing the amount of data sent over the network as to not kill your bandwidth but still give the clients enough info to work with is very hard.

[Donovan]

Since i'm cheap and I actually like the books check out Thinking in C++ volumes 1 and 2 by Bruce Eckel's.

He has made them freely available for download off of his site (the link).

If you do want to carry on with game programming you would want to start with the game loop and then a user input system. networking would be one of the last things to actually consider learning for game programming. Basically because its like learning an entire system all by itself. Creating a network connection is pretty easy but optimizing your code and minimizing the amount of data sent over the network as to not kill your bandwidth but still give the clients enough info to work with is very hard.

Thank you for your contribute +rep

[gon1387]

deitel's "C++ How to Program, Fifth Edition" is a good book, it'll help you a lot with oop... I learned a lot from it, really, with OOP stuffs. it starts teaching you about OOP from the early chapters.

[WingedPanther]

Deitel's book (3rd or 4th) was the one I started C++ with

[gon1387]

Bjarne Stroustrup's book was the first i've read about c++ and it makes me hate c++ before.. the reason, I can't understand a thing. Then I realized it might be written for seasoned pros so i started to look for other alternative and I found deitel's beginning in c++. It was the best beginner's book I've ever read. Anyway, this so much off topic...

[Zer033]

Hey Donovan I see you're interested in game programming. I would agree with the others that it is best to do command line stuff to get used to the language first. Here's an old command line maze game I made a long time ago that might be of some help to you. It is very basic, but that can be the best way to learn starting out. It isn't much of a game really it was more just to test stuff out.

It shows a few game programming ideas in it like drawing of graphics, erasing of graphics, score keeping, time keeping, saving stats to a file, player character movement, collision detection, state changes, and most of all the game loop. The game loop is constantly running through all of the logic tests, drawing/erasing of graphics, and player input code you create for your game until it reaches some code that will tell it to end the game loop.

A lot of this same stuff is used in any game you will create whether it be a 2D sprite game or fully 3D models, so simple command line programming can really be beneficial for setting up learning the more complex game programming stuff down the road.

/*
I modified my maze game to use a finite state machine where the rooms are states and
when a new state is entered information will be displayed on the screen.  Transition is the way to get back
to another state by leaving the room and the state name is the room that you are currently in. Most of the new 
finite state machine code is near the top.
*/

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fstream>

#define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEY_UP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)

//states
#define initialRoom 0
#define northRoom	1
#define southRoom	2
#define westRoom	3
#define eastRoom	4
#define EXIT		5

void gotoxy(short x, short y) 
{
	HANDLE hConsoleOutput;
	COORD Cursor_Pos = {x, y};

	hConsoleOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hConsoleOutput, Cursor_Pos);
}

void setcolor(unsigned short color)                
{                                                   
    HANDLE hcon = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hcon,color);
}

using namespace std;

string playerName;
int selection;
int score = 0;
int row;
int col;
int x = 15;
int y = 10;
int exitFlag = 0;
int finished = 0;
const int MAZE_WIDTH = 30;
const int MAZE_HEIGHT = 20;
clock_t counter;
int seconds = 0;
int minutes;
int smPebble;
int lgPebble;
time_t start, end;
int menuTime;

char maze[MAZE_HEIGHT][MAZE_WIDTH] =
{
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','O',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','o',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','o',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|','=','=','=','o','=','=','=','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','E','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|','X','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','O','o','o','o','o',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','o','o','o','o','O',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|','I','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|','T','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|','=','=','=','o','=','=','=','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','o',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','o',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ','O',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'},
{'|','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','=','|'}
};

//New state class
class State
{
public:

State();

int state;
string transition;
string stateName;

void InitialRoom();
void NorthRoom();
void SouthRoom();
void WestRoom();
void EastRoom();
void FinalRoom();

};

State player;

//constructor
State::State()
{
	transition = "North, South, East, West";
	stateName = "Initial Room";
}

//room state change functions
void State::InitialRoom()
{
	transition = "North, South, East, West";
	stateName = "Initial Room";
}

void State::NorthRoom()
{
	transition = "South                         ";
	stateName = "North Room    ";
}

void State::SouthRoom()
{
	transition = "North                        ";
	stateName = "South Room    ";
}

void State::WestRoom()
{
	transition = "East, West                      ";
	stateName = "West Room    ";
}

void State::EastRoom()
{
	transition = "West                          ";
	stateName = "East Room    ";
}

//exit game when final room is reached
void State::FinalRoom()
{
	finished = 1;
}

//check nodes and set state accordingly
void CheckStates()
{
	if ((x == 15 && y == 6) || (x == 15 && y == 13) || (x == 11 && y == 10) || (x == 19 && y == 10))
	{
		player.state = initialRoom;
	}
	if (x == 15 && y == 5)
	{
		player.state = northRoom;
	}
	if (x == 15 && y == 14)
	{
		player.state = southRoom;
	}
	if (x == 10 && y == 10)
	{
		player.state = westRoom;
	}
	if (x == 20 && y == 10)
	{
		player.state = eastRoom;
	}
	if (x == 1 && y == 10)
	{
		player.state = EXIT;
	}
}

//call functions depending on state entered
void ChangeStates()
{
	switch(player.state)
	{
	case initialRoom:
		player.InitialRoom();
		break;
	case northRoom:
		player.NorthRoom();
		break;
	case southRoom:
		player.SouthRoom();
		break;
	case westRoom:
		player.WestRoom();
		break;
	case eastRoom:
		player.EastRoom();
		break;
	case EXIT:
		player.FinalRoom();
		break;
	}
}

void DisplayStateInfo()
{
	gotoxy(44, 3);
	setcolor(8);
	cout << player.transition;

	gotoxy(39, 5);
	setcolor(8);
	cout << player.stateName;
}

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: DrawMaze()
// Purpose:  Draws the character array to create the maze and colors it
//---------------------------------------------------------
void DrawMaze()
{
system("cls");

	for (row = 0; row < MAZE_HEIGHT; row++)
	{
		for (col = 0; col < MAZE_WIDTH; col++)
		{
			if (maze[row][col] == '=' || maze[row][col] == '|')
				setcolor(8);
			else if (maze[row][col] == 'o')
				setcolor(13);
			else if (maze[row][col] == 'O')
				setcolor(14);
			else if (maze[row][col] == 'F')
				setcolor(12);

			cout << maze[row][col];
		}
		cout << "\n";
	}//end for
}//end DrawMaze()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: CheckKeys()
// Purpose:  Checks for user keyboard input and handles it
//---------------------------------------------------------
void CheckKeys()
{
		//move up
		if (KEY_DOWN(VK_UP))
			{
				y = y - 1;//move position

				if (maze[y][x] == ' ' || maze[y][x] == 'o' || maze[y][x] == 'O')//check to see if new position is traversable
				{
					Sleep(200);//delay so only one coord is moved

					gotoxy(x, y + 1);//erase character as it is moved
					cout << " ";
				}
				else if (maze[y][x] == '=' || maze[y][x] == '|')//if new position is a wall then reset position
				{
					y = y + 1;
				}
			}
		//move down
		else if (KEY_DOWN(VK_DOWN))
			{			
				y = y + 1;

				if (maze[y][x] == ' ' || maze[y][x] == 'o' || maze[y][x] == 'O')
				{
					Sleep(200);

					gotoxy(x, y - 1);
					cout << " ";
				}
				else if (maze[y][x] == '=' || maze[y][x] == '|')
				{
					y = y - 1;
				}
				
			}
		//move left
		else if (KEY_DOWN(VK_LEFT))
			{
				x = x - 1;

				if (maze[y][x] == ' ' || maze[y][x] == 'o' || maze[y][x] == 'O')
				{
					Sleep(200);

					gotoxy(x + 1, y);
					cout << " ";
				}
				else if (maze[y][x] == '=' || maze[y][x] == '|')
				{
					x = x + 1;
				}

			}
		//move right
		else if (KEY_DOWN(VK_RIGHT))
			{
				x = x + 1;

				if (maze[y][x] == ' ' || maze[y][x] == 'o' || maze[y][x] == 'O')
				{
					Sleep(200);

					gotoxy(x - 1, y);
					cout << " ";
				}
				else if (maze[y][x] == '=' || maze[y][x] == '|')
				{
					x = x - 1;
				}
			}
		//escape = quit
		else if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
			{
				exitFlag = 1;//exit game
				Sleep(200);
			}
}//end CheckKeys()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: DisplayMenus()
// Purpose:  Displays menu and handles menu branching
//---------------------------------------------------------
void DisplayMenus()
{
system("cls");

cout << "Make Your Selection, " << playerName << ": \n\n";
cout << "1 - Start Game\n";
cout << "2 - Instructions\n";
cout << "3 - About\n";
cout << "4 - Quit\n\n";
cout << "Selection: ";
cin >> selection;

	switch(selection)
	{
		case 1:
			DrawMaze();
			break;
		case 2:
			system("cls");
			cout << "The objective of the game is to traverse the maze while picking up items to \nincrease your score, but hurry up time is ticking.";
			cout << "\n\nGame Items:";
			setcolor(12);
			cout << "\n\nX - YOU, The Player";
			setcolor(13);
			cout << "\no - Adds 100 points to your score";
			setcolor(14);
			cout << "\nO - Adds 1000 points to your score";
			setcolor(8);
			cout << "\n= - Wall type 1 (cannot be passed through)";
			cout << "\n| - Wall type 2 (cannot be passed through)";
			setcolor(12);
			cout << "\nF - Finish Line";
			setcolor(3);
			cout << "\n\nGame Controls:";
			cout << "\n\nArrow Keys - Move left, right, up, down";
			cout << "\nEscape     - Exit Game\n\n";
			cout << "1 - Return to Main Menu\n\n";
			cout << "Selection: ";
			cin >> selection;
			if (selection == 1)
			{
				DisplayMenus();
			}
			break;
		case 3:
			system("cls");
			cout << "Written by:  BN \n\n";
			cout <<	"Objective:   A MAZE GAME MADE FROM C++\n\n";
			cout << "1 - Return to Main Menu\n\n";
			cout << "Selection: ";
			cin >> selection;
			if (selection == 1)
			{
				DisplayMenus();
			}
			break;
		case 4:
			exitFlag = 1;
			break;
		default:
			DisplayMenus();
			break;
	}//end switch
}//end DisplayMenus()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: ScoreKeeper()
// Purpose:  Adds to the score when items are encountered 
//			 in-game and displays the score to the screen
//---------------------------------------------------------
void ScoreKeeper()
{
	if (maze[y][x] == 'o')
	{
		maze[y][x] = ' ';
		score = score + 100;
		smPebble = smPebble + 1;
	}
	if (maze[y][x] == 'O')
	{
		maze[y][x] = ' ';
		score = score + 1000;
		lgPebble = lgPebble + 1;
	}

	gotoxy(39, 7);
	setcolor(8);
	cout << score;
}//end ScoreKeeper()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: SaveScore()
// Purpose:  Allows the player to save their score to a file
//---------------------------------------------------------
void SaveScore()
{
	ofstream scoreFile;
	scoreFile.open ("score.txt", ios::app);
	scoreFile << playerName << "'s score card:";
	scoreFile << "\nNumber of small pebbles recovered: " << smPebble;
	scoreFile << "\nNumber of large pebbles recovered: " << lgPebble;
	scoreFile << "\nBase score: " << score;
	scoreFile << "\nSeconds elapsed: " << seconds;
	scoreFile << "\nFinal score: " << score/seconds;
	scoreFile << "\n\n";
	scoreFile.close();
}//end SaveScore()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: BeatGame()
// Purpose:  This code executes when the player reaches
//           the end of the maze. Gives the player the
//           option to save their score before quitting.
//---------------------------------------------------------
void BeatGame()
{
	system("cls");
	setcolor(3);
	cout << "You've beat the game, CONGRATULATIONS!";
	cout << "\n\n\tScore Summary: ";
	cout << "\n\n\tNumber of small pebbles recovered: " << smPebble;
	cout << "\n\n\tNumber of large pebbles recovered: " << lgPebble;
	cout << "\n\n\tBase score: " << score;
	cout << "\n\n\tSeconds elapsed: " << seconds;
	cout << "\n\n\tFinal score: " << score/seconds;
	cout << "\n\n1 - Save score to a file and quit";
	cout << "\n\n2 - Quit without saving score";
	cout << "\n\nSelection: ";
	cin >> selection;
	switch (selection)
	{
	case 1:
		SaveScore();
		exitFlag = 1;
		break;
	case 2:
		exitFlag = 1;
		break;
	default:
		BeatGame();
	}//end switch
}//end BeatGame()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Function: DisplayTimer()
// Purpose:  Times and displays the time to the screen.
//           Seconds taken is also used in score calculation.
//---------------------------------------------------------
void DisplayTimer()
{
	seconds = (clock()/1000) - menuTime + 1;

	gotoxy(39, 9);
	setcolor(8);
	cout << seconds;
}//end DisplayTimer()

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Main Module
// The game starts here
//---------------------------------------------------------
int main()
{
time(&start);
system("cls");

setcolor(3);
cout << "Welcome to MAZE GAME!\n\n";
cout << "Please, Introduce yourself\n\n";
cout << "What name would you like to go by? ";
cin >> playerName;

		DisplayMenus();

	gotoxy(32, 1);
	cout << playerName << "'s Maze";
	gotoxy(32, 3);
	cout << "Transition: ";
	gotoxy(32, 5);
	cout << "State: ";
	gotoxy(32, 7);
	cout << "Score:";
	gotoxy(32, 9);
	cout << "Time:";

time(&end);
menuTime = difftime(end, start);/*get menu run time so I can subtract from the game run time so my timer is accurate
								  since it starts when the program starts*/

	//game loop
	while (exitFlag == 0)
	{
		CheckKeys();
		ScoreKeeper();
		DisplayTimer();
		DisplayStateInfo();

		CheckStates();
		ChangeStates();

		gotoxy(x, y);//Draw character as coords change
		setcolor(12);
		cout << "X";
/*
		if (maze[y][x] == 'F')
		{
			finished = 1;//reached finished line so finished is true
		}
*/
		if (finished == 1)//if finish line is reached exit game loop by going to the end of the game screen
		{
			BeatGame();
		}
	}//end while
}//end main

[marwex89]

Very cool Zer033, +rep